Can a baking temperature be increased if time is reduced and vice-verse? Is there an optimum temperature?
As a general rule, you cannot raise the oven temperature and shorten the baking time without changing the final result. Baking is the chemical reaction of all the ingredients to time and temperature. In that sense, temperature really is an ingredient. We add temperature throughout the entire process: the temperature of the ingredients, the heat created by friction in mixing and beating, the oven temperature and baking time, and even the way the baked goods cool.
Baking is the art of manipulating and controlling the chemical reactions of the ingredients. We choose our ingredients carefully and decide when and how to add them so the mixture develops the characteristics we want. We also select the bakeware material, shape, and size, along with the oven temperature, baking time, and cooling process, to guide how the dough or batter develops, sets, and ultimately achieves the desired texture and appearance.
As you gain more experience and understanding of the chemical reactions, why specific mixing methods are used and baking and cooling temperatures, then you can begin to experiment. It’s not as simple as changing the oven temperature and time. It will require changes in mixing methods, changes in the size and depth of the baking pan, and and adjustments to the formula to counter negative effects of accelerated baking temperature and time.